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Martijn Schaap
LOTOS-EUROS research/development team
Contact
  • Function: Researcher Air Quality
  • Affiliation: TNO
    Expertise: Climate, Air Quality and Sustainability
    Section: Large scale Air Quality and Climate
  • Visiting address: Princetonplein 6, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
  • Room: 2.037
  • Tel: +31 888 66 20 74 (direct)
    Tel: +31 888 66 20 81 (secretary)
    Fax: +31 888 66 20 44
  • E-mail: martijn.schaap (+ @tno.nl)
  • Mail address: P.O.Box 80015, 3508 TA Utrecht, the Netherlands
Research Interests:
  • Climate change and air quality interactions
  • Particulate matter or aerosols
  • Atmospheric nitrogen cycle
  • Monitoring atmospheric composition and change through integration of models and earth observation data
Current Research Activities:
Applied research on regional transport of atmospheric pollutants and their effect on climate. My main interest in the fields of air quality and climate change is particulate matter or aerosols. I am broadly interested in the origin and fate of aerosols in the lower atmosphere. We try gain more knowledge on the sources and sinks of particulate matter by combining information from models and measurements. From the modelling perspective we develop and apply the regional chemistry transport model LOTOS-EUROS. The analysis of measured data include in-situ observations of aerosol composition but also satellite retrieved aerosol optical depth (AOD). Our modelling work is validated using these observations. In addition, we try to integrate the measured information into the model simulations using a mathematical technique called data assimilation.
Projects: PASODOBLE, MACC, SMOGPROG , PROMOTE, GEOMON , EUCAARI, BOP, ENERGEO, KvK
Publications:
In press
Albert, M.F.M.A., Schaap, M., de Leeuw, G.,Builtjes, P.J.H., Progress in the determination of the sea spray source function using satellite data Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences, in press, 2010.

Reviewed
A.M.M. Manders, M. Schaap, X. Querol, M.F.M.A. Albert1, J. Vercauteren, T.A.J. Kuhlbusch, R. Hoogerbrugge, Sea salt concentrations across the European continent Atmospheric Environment, 44 (20), 2434-2442, doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.028, 2010. pdf

R.M.A. Timmermans , A.J. Segers, P.J.H. Builtjes, R. Vautard, R. Siddans, H. Elbern, S.A.T. Tjemkes, M. Schaap, The Added Value of a Proposed Satellite Imager for Ground Level Particulate Matter Analyses and Forecasts, IEEE-JSTARS (Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, pp. 271-283, doi: 10.1109/JSTARS.2009.2034613, 2009. pdf

R.M.A. Timmermans , M. Schaap, H. Elbern, R. Siddans, S.A.T. Tjemkes, R. Vautard, P.J.H. Builtjes, An Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) for Aerosol Optical Depth from satellites, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 26, 2673-2682, 2009. pdf

A.M.M. Manders, M. Schaap , R. Hoogerbrugge , Testing the capability of the chemistry transport model LOTOS-EUROS to forecast PM10 levels in the Netherlands, Atmospheric Environment, pp. 4050-459, doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.05.006, 2009. pdf

Barbu, A.L., Segers, A.J., Schaap, M., Heemink, A.W., Builtjes, P.J.H., A multi-component data assimilation experiment directed to sulphur dioxide and sulphate over Europe, Atmospheric Environment, Volume 43, Pages 1622-1631, 2009. pdf

M. Schaap, A. Apituley, R.M.A. Timmermans, RB. A. Koelemeijer, and G. de Leeuw, Exploring the relation between aerosol optical depth and PM2.5 at Cabauw, the Netherlands, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, pp909-925, 2009 . pdf

Vautard, R., Schaap, M., Bergström, R., Bessagnet, B., Brandt, J., Builtjes, P.J.H., Christensen, J.H., Cuvelier, C., Foltescu, V., Graff, A., Kerschbaumer, A., Krol, M., Roberts, P., Rouïl, L., Stern, R., Tarrason, L., Thunis, P., Vignati, E., Wind, P., Skill and uncertainty of a regional air quality model ensemble, Atmospheric Environment, Volume 43, Pages 4822-4832, doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.09.083, 2009. pdf

Denby, B., Schaap, M., Segers, A., Builtjes, P., Horalek,J., Comparison of two data assimilation methods for assessing PM10 exceedances on the European scale, Atmospheric Environment, Volume 42, Pages 7122–7134, 2008. pdf

R. Stern, P. Builtjes, M. Schaap, R. Timmermans , R.Vautard, A. Hodzic, M. Memmesheimer, H. Feldmann, E. Renner, R. Wolke, A. Kerschbaumer, A model inter-comparison study focussing on episodes with elevated PM10 concentrations, Atmospheric Environment, Volume 42, Issue 19, June 2008, Pages 4567–4588, doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.01.068, 2008. pdf

M. Schaap, F. Sauter, R.M.A. Timmermans, M. Roemer, G. Velders, J. Beck and P.J.H. Builtjes, The LOTOS-EUROS model: description, validation and latest developments, Int. J. Environment and Pollution, Vol. 32, No. 2, pp.270–290, 2008. pdf

M. Schaap, R.M.A. Timmermans , R.B.A. Koelemeijer, G. de Leeuw, P.J.H. Builtjes, Evaluation of MODIS aerosol optical thickness over Europe using sun photometer observations, Atmos. Environ., 42, 2187–2197, doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.11.044, 2008. pdf

Schaap, M. and Denier van der Gon, H.A.C, On the variability of Black Smoke and carbonaceous aerosols in the Netherlands, Atmospheric Environment, Volume 41, Pages 5908–5920, 2007. pdf

Hulskotte, J.H.J., van der Gon, H.A.C.D., Visschedijk, A.J.H., Schaap, M., Brake wear from vehicles as an important source of diffuse copper pollution, Water Science and Technology, Volume 56, Pages 223-231, 2007.

H.A.C. Denier van der Gon, J.H.J. Hulskotte, A.J.H. Visschedijk, M. Schaap, A revised estimate of copper emissions from road transport in UNECE Europe and its impact on predicted copper concentrations, Atmospheric Environment, Volume 41, Issue 38, Pages 8697–8710, 2007. pdf

A. de Meij, S. Wagner, N. Gobron, P. Thunis, C. Cuvelier, F. Dentener, M. Schaap, Scale issues in aerosol modelling: a case study on chemical and optical properties over the greater Milan area (Italy), June 2001, Atmospheric Research, Volume 85, Pages 243–267, 2007. pdf

M. van Loon, R. Vautard, M. Schaap, R. Bergström, B. Bessagnet, J. Brandt, P.J.H. Builtjes, J. H. Christensen, K. Cuvelier, A. Graf, J.E. Jonson, M. Krol, J. Langner, P. Roberts, L. Rouil, R. Stern, L. Tarrasón, P. Thunis, E. Vignati, L. White, P. Wind , Evaluation of long-term ozone simulations from seven regional air quality models and their ensemble average, Atmospheric Environment, Volume 41, Issue 10, Pages 2083–097, 2007. pdf

P. Thunis, L. Rouil, C. Cuvelier, R. Stern, A. Kerschbaumer, B. Bessagnet, M. Schaap, P. Builtjes, L. Tarrason, J. Douros, N. Moussiopoulos, G. Pirovano and M. Bedogni, Analysis of model responses to emission-reduction scenarios within the CityDelta project, Atmospheric Environment, Volume 41, Pages 208–220, 2007. pdf

C. Cuvelier, P. Thunis, R. Vautard, M. Amann, B. Bessagnet, M. Bedogni, R. Berkowicz, J. Brandt, F. Brocheton, P. Builtjes, A. Coppalle, B. Denby, G. Douros, A. Graf, O. Hellmuth, C. Honoré, A. Hodzic, J. Jonson, A. Kerschbaumer, F. de Leeuw, E. Minguzzi, N. Moussiopoulos, C. Pertot, G. Pirovano, L. Rouil, M. Schaap, R. Stern, L. Tarrason, E. Vignati, M. Volta, L. White, P. Wind, A. Zuber, CityDelta: A model intercomparison study to explore the impact of emission reductions in European cities in 2010, Atmospheric Environment, Volume 41, Pages 189–207, 2007. pdf

R. Vautard, M. van Loon, M. Schaap, R. Bergströ, B. Bessagnet, J. Brandt, P.J.H. Builtjes, J. H. Christensen, K. Cuvelier, A. Graf, J.E. Jonson, M. Krol, J. Langner, P. Roberts, L. Rouil, R. Stern1, L. Tarrasón, P. Thunis, E. Vignati, L. White, P. Wind, Is regional air quality model diversity representative of uncertainty for ozone simulation?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L24818,doi:10.1029/2006GL027610, 2006. pdf

Vautard, R., Builtjes, P. H. J., Thunis, P., Cuvelier, K., Bedogni, M., Bessagnet, B., Honoré, C., Moussiopoulos, N., Pirovano G., Schaap, M., Stern, R., Tarrason, L., Van Loon, M., Evaluation and intercomparison of Ozone and PM10 simulations by several chemistry-transport models over 4 european cities within the City-Delta project, Atmospheric Environment, Volume 41, Pages 173–188, 2007. pdf

van de Kassteele, J., Koelemeijer, R. B. A., Dekkers, A. L. M., Schaap, M., Homan, C.D., Stein, A., Statistical mapping of PM10 concentrations over Western Europe using secondary information from dispersion modeling and MODIS satellite observations, Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess., Volume 21, Issue 2, Pages 183–194, doi:10.1007/s00477-006-0055-4, 2006. pdf

Schaap, M., G. Spindler, M. Schulz, K. Acker, W. Maenhaut, A. Berner, W. Wieprecht, N. Streit, K. Mueller, E. Brüggemann, J-P. Putaud, H. Puxbaum, U. Baltensperger, H. M. ten Brink, Artefacts in the sampling of nitrate studied in the “INTERCOMP” campaigns of EUROTRAC-AEROSOL, Atmos. Environ., Volume 48, Pages 6487–6496, 2004. pdf

Schaap, M., H.A.C. Denier Van Der Gon, F.J. Dentener, A.J.H. Visschedijk, M. Van Loon, H.M. Ten Brink, J-P Putaud, B. Guillaume, C. Liousse and P.J.H. Builtjes, Anthropogenic Black Carbon and Fine Aerosol Distribution over Europe, J. Geophys. Res., Volume 109, D18201, doi:10.1029/2003JD004330, 2004.

Schaap, M., van Loon, M., ten Brink, H.M., Dentener, F.D., Builtjes, P.J.H., Secondary inorganic aerosol simulations for Europe with special attention to nitrate, Atmos. Phys. Chem, Volume 4, Pages 857–874, 2004. pdf

Erisman, J.W. and Schaap, M., The need for ammonia abatement with respect to secondary PM reductions in Europe, Environmental Pollution, Volume 129, Pages 159–163, 2004. pdf

Robles González, C., Schaap, M., de Leeuw, G., Builtjes, P. J. H., van Loon, M., Spatial variation of aerosol properties over Europe derived from satellite observations and comparison with model calculations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., Volume 3, Pages 521–533, 2003. pdf

Schaap, M., Mueller, K., ten Brink, H.M., Constructing the European aerosol nitrate concentration field from quality analysed data, Atmos. Environ, Volume 36, Issue 8, Pages 1323–1335, 2002. pdf

M. Schaap, M. van Loon, A. Visschedijk, F.J. Dentener, P.J.H. Builtjes, Modelling PM2.5 concentrations over Europe: the role of agriculture, Landbauforschung Völkenrode, Special Issue 235, Pages 49–55, 2002.

Non Reviewed
Schaap M., On the importance of aerosol nitrate over Europe, , PhD-thesis, University of Utrecht, http://www.library.uu.nl/digiarchief/dip/diss/2003-1209-110044/inhoud.htm, 2003. pdf